Figure 2. Illustration of adaptive cycles that indicates the dynamic rise and fall of socio-ecological systems in term of responses to disturbances or disruptions that lead to release and reorganization of a system after a period of buildup and then stagnation/stability. Adapted from Panarchy by Lance Gunderson and C.S. Holling. Copyright © 2002 Island Press. Reproduced by permission of Island Press, Washington, D.C.
